Sudoku Puzzle Symmetries

Symmetry Operations

The following operations on a puzzle pattern are possible.

• Identity operation - do nothing at all.
• Rotate 180 degrees
• Rotate 90 degrees
• Reflect across c5
• Reflect across r5
• Reflect along diagonal from r1c1 to r9c9
• Reflect along diagonal from r1c9 to r9c1
• Swapping towers
• Swapping floors
• Swapping columns in a tower
• Swapping rows in a floor.

Sudoku Puzzle Symmetry Groups

Now the operations above are not independent. For example you can't have four-fold rotational symmetry without having two-fold rotational symmetry.

Impossible Patterns

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